Category: Publications

Parent category to all problems relating to the physical aspect of the body

  • Anti-homotoxic Preparations

    Therapy with Anti-homotoxic Preparations from Heel

    The Heel Company provides the following medications for use in anti-homotoxic therapy:

    Combination preparations

    composed of several potentised single substances (in low to higher potencies): Specialized preparations (e.g., Cralonin, Vertigoheel, Traumeel S, etc.) Homaccords (e.g., Aconitum-Homaccord)

    Composita preparations (e.g., Echinacea compositum S)

    Single-constituent homoeopathic preparations

    as potency chords or as single potencies. Potency chords are labelled with the  supplement ”Injeel“ or ”Injeel forte”; they contain high and higher potencies to calm possible initial reactions:

    Classical homoeopathic preparations

    Homoeopathically adjusted allopathic medications (e.g., Penicillin-Injeel) Catalysts (e.g., Ubichinon-Injeel) including those of the citric-acid cycle Nosodes (e.g., Sinusitis-Nosode-Injeel)

    Suis-organ preparations (e.g., Cerebrum suis-Injeel)

    The administration forms are injections, solutions, tablets, drops, nasal sprays, suppositories, and ointments.

    Combination preparations

    Specialized Preparations

    Today, these specialized preparations are employed in practices of all types, regardless whether the practitioner is naturopathically oriented or not. These valuable medications (e.g., Vertigoheel, Traumeel S) also find application at university clinics and similar institutions. Figure 6 represents only a limited, subjective selection from the extensive assortment of specialized preparations available.

    Fig. 6: Selection from the range of specialized preparations

    PreparationChief Indications
    CraloninGeriatric heart, cardiac neurosis
    Engystol NInfluenza, febrile virus infections
    Gripp-HeelInfluenzal infections
    LymphomyosotLymphoedema, tonsillitis, increased susceptibility to infection
    Rheuma-HeelNon-articular rheumatism syndrome
    SpascupreelColic, myogeloisis
    SpigelonHeadache
    Traumeel SArthritis, arthrosis, sports injuries
    VertigoheelDizziness of various origius
    ViburcolFever, minor infection, excitation
    YpsiloheelVegetative dystonia, globus hystericus
    Zeel/Zeel comp.Arthrosis, polyathrosis

    Homaccords

    Homaccords are preparations which contain one or several active substances in respective potency chords. Usually a low potency is combined with a medium potency and a higher potency. The background of this potency combination is the nearly 100 year old therapeutic experience that the simultaneous administration of low, medium, and higher potencies causes a reduction of the initial aggravation. As is known, initial aggravations occur particularly often during the administration of higher potencies given individually.

    Homaccords are available both as attenuations for oral administration as well as in ampoule form for subcutaneous injection. This multipotent form – among other applications – is particularly appropriate for treating chronic illnesses.

    In the ampoule form of the Homaccords, the individual constituents’ potency-levels are generally two to three stages higher than those found in the drops. These highly- potentised elements exert a subduing effect on any possible initial reactions, hence cases displaying initial aggravation are a rarity.

    Composita Preparations

    In order to obtain a preparation which is highly effective on the one hand, yet low in risk and side effects on the other, the expedient solution was to unite a number of various homoeopathic single-remedy medications, homoeopathically adjusted allopathic medications (see below), intermediary catalysts (see below) and – in certain cases – suis- organ preparations (see below) within one single combination preparation.

    Through the multiplicity of constituents within Composita preparations, a broad, in-depth therapeutic effect is achieved. The basis for this are the various points of action at which the constituent medications develop their efficacy. The basic principle of the Composita preparations will be explained vicariously with the example of Euphorbium compositum Nasal Spray. This nasal spray preparation contains as classical homoeopathic botanical constituents Euphorbium, Pulsatilla, and Luffa operculata, further the anorganic-chemical, classical homoeopathic substances Mercurius bijodatus, Argentum nitricum, and Hepar sulfuris, the nosode Sinusitis-Nosode and the suis-organ preparation Mucosa nasalis suis. The constituent ”Euphorbium,“ which lends its name to the preparation, demonstrates  clear relations to illnesses of the upper respiratory tract in its drug picture. The organotropically implemented low potency of Euphorbium resinifera is supported by the constituents Pulsatilla, Luffa, Mercurius bijodatus, and Argentum nitricum, which contain in their remedy picture the symptomatology of catarrhal inflammatory processes of the upper respiratory tract according to the Materia Medica Homoeopathica.

    From a therapeutic viewpoint, the purpose of the Sinusitis-Nosode is to treat the illness underlying the chronic sinusitis etiologically (phase 3, deposition), which has settled in the area of the upper respiratory tract. It accomplishes this by reactivation based on the isopathic therapy principle through excretion via the excretion phase. The homoeopathically adjusted organ extract Mucosa nasalis suis basically acts on the mucous membrane region of the upper respiratory tract (homologous animal tissue; Schmid1), Reinhart2)). All of  the applied active substances occur  in potencies between D2 and D13, in other words, these are active substances in the so-called low potency and medium potency range; potencies of these ranges basically act organotropically and functiotropically according to the homoeopathic view. The therapy of chronic sinusitis is possible particularly through the nosode because nosode preparations exercise a positive effect especially on chronic processes and may reactivate them. In terms of anti- homotoxic therapy a chronic illness already in a matrix phase (phase 3 or 4) is re-activated in terms of a regressive vicariation according to Reckeweg and is returned to the inflammatory phase 2. The organotropically acting, classical homoeopathic remedies Pulsatilla, Hepar sulfuris, Mercurius bijodatus, Euphorbium, and Luffa can then fully develop their efficacy in this activated inflammatory phase.

    Thus, this rational basic principle of uniting substances of diverse efficacies in one compositum preparation provides a new, therapeutically promising access to the treatment of chronic illnesses. The following reflections should elucidate this more closely:

    • Because chronic illnesses usually progress in syndromes and unite various causes into one diagnosable clinical syndrome, a medicinal therapy with the assistance of one single substance is seldom promising, as experience shows. By classifying the diagnosed disease into the Six-Phase-Table of Homotoxicology, the selection of the respective homoeopathic remedies for diseases of the matrix phase as well as of the degeneration and the dedifferentiation (neoplasm) phase, that is, basically for cellular diseases to the right of the Biological Division, need not be limited solely to the classical homoeopathic remedies from the botanical, mineral, and animal kingdoms.
    • In combination with nosode preparations, suis-organ constituents, and catalysts, the therapist gains the possibility to treat further progressed cellular phases to the right of the Biological Division, because, by removing the enzyme blockades though the catalysts or through an isotherapeutic ”massive nosode dose“ as well as through the suis-organ preparations, a regression of the disease in terms of regressive vicariation is activated.
    • As soon as a regressive vicariation into a humoral phase has taken place through the penetrating nosodes, catalysts, and suis-organ extracts, the organotropic, classical homoeopathic remedies can effectively induce the healing of the developing inflammatory phase.
    • The potency D8 of the organ constituent Mucosa nasalis lies in the so-called substitutive range. To this extent, this range is comparable to the organotropic range of  the classical homoeopathic lower potencies (Schmid)1) and explains the direct action of these organ preparations on the homologous human tissue. With potencies up to the order of magnitude of approximately D12, a material action of these active substance molecules on endogenic function bearers such as enzymes, membrane receptors, and cellular structures of immunological cells or organ cells is still given, according to present conceptions, through the material presence of active substance molecules or their fragments (Heine).2)
    • Since, according to Paracelsus, every poison is its own antidote, the dose determines whether a substance has a poisonous or a healing effect for the patient. The potentised nosode can also be designated as its own antidote. The no-sode – in this case the sinusitis nosode – is extracted from a pathological secretion of a sinusitis patient. This effluence contains the complete information of the illness ”sinusitis.“ Through homoeopathic preparation and potent zing to D13 in the present case, a direct toxic effect is excluded, on the contrary, the specific antidote effect of the nosode in terms of the Arndt-Schulz inversion law is released through the potent zing.

    Moreover, potentised homoeopathic substances comply fully with the Arndt-Schulz law, which generally purports that weak stimuli, e.g., potentised homoeopathic substances, exercise a stimulative effect. This statement is basically supported by the modern hormesis research in toxicology, which demonstrates that a highly toxic substance such as mercuric salt, administered in the milligram range, exercises a strong toxic effect. However, after potent zing to D8 and higher, it demonstrates a stimulative effect which practically reverses the original toxic effect. The German pharmacologist  Prof. Schulz  was already able to repeatedly verify the ”bi-phasal“ effect of active substances in his experiments 100 years ago.

    This means that a substance in a certain dose range exercises a toxic effect and loses this toxic effect after further dilution (potent zing). After potent zing a new, therapeutically useful effect reveals itself which represents practically the opposite of the original toxic effect.

    Such reversals of effect and phasal effects of highly diluted toxins, e.g., anorganic salts from heavy metals and organic substances were also described by T.D. Luckey3) and E.J. Calabrese4) in recent overviews.

    References

    1. Schmid, F. Anti-homotoxische Medizin, Band I: Grundlagen, Klinik, Praxis; Aurelia-Verlag, Baden-Baden, 1. Aufl., 1996
    2. Heine, H. Lehrbuch der biologischen Medizin – Grundlagen und Systematik; Hippokrates Verlag, Stuttgart, 2. Aufl., 1997
    3. Luckey, T.D. Hormology with Inorganic Compounds. In: Luckey T.D., Vleingopal B.Hutcheson D., editors. Heavy metal – toxicity, safety and hormology. Stuttgart, New York, San Francisco, London, Georg-Thieme-Verlag, 1975; 81-103
    4. Calabrese, E. J. Biological Effects of Low Lever Exposures to Chemicals and Radiation; Lewis Publishers, Inc., Michigan, 1991

  • Medicinal-therapeutical Mechanism of Action of

    2.1  The difference between anti-homotoxic preparations and single homoeopathic remedies

    Whereas the classically treating, homoeopathic therapist exclusively applies so-called single-constituent remedies, whose constituents are potentized according to the defined production rules of the homoeopathic pharmacopoeia and whose application is conducted after anamnesis and subsequent repertorization according to the Simile Principle, anti- homotoxic preparations are usually implemented based on the indica-tion. The anti- homotoxic preparations are usually composed of combinations of homoeopathic substances, manufactured according to the regulations of the official German Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HAB 1978), and are homoeopathic remedies according to the legal definition of the EU guideline 92/73 EC.

    Unlike single homoeopathic remedies, it is essential during the therapeutic implementation of anti-homotoxic preparations that these remedies are applied based on the measures of Homotoxicology according to Reckeweg. In particular this means that the physician first defines the current location of the patient as indicated on the Six-Phase-Table of Homotoxicology.

    Due to the phasal course of diseases the physician must pay attention to so-called vicariation effects, i.e., the shifting of a disease from one phase into another. The therapeutic goal is to shift the disease from a phase to the right of the Biological Division (phases 4 to 6) into a phase to the left of the Biological Division (phases 1 to 3). To achieve this the excretion of homotoxins must be initiated with the corresponding anti- homotoxic preparations.

    Due to the high complexity of chronic diseases, it is essential for the success of anti- homotoxic therapy to implement the anti-homotoxic preparations in accordance with the phases. The rule of thumb may apply thereby that in particular the so-called combination preparations are indicated for diseases in the matrix phases 3 and 4 as well as in the degeneration and dedifferentiation (neoplasm) phases. This applies essentially because, in addition to the specific classical homoeopathic active agent, further anti-homotoxic active agents such as potentized suis-organ extracts, catalysts, nosodes, and, in several cases, also the homoeopathically adjusted allopathic medications are contained in these preparations. As practice has shown, well selected single homoeopathic remedies are often not able to shift a disease from the cellular phases 4 or 5 into a regressive vicariation unless certain enzyme defects or blockades on the cellular level are previously removed by anti-homotoxic agents such as catalysts, suis-organ components, nosodes, and homoeopathically adjusted allopathic medications. The action of the indicated simile occurs only after the removal of the blockades because the homoeopathic single remedy requires a terrain which is at least still partly responsive to stimulants. Reaction blockades must be removed with other strategies such as the anti-homotoxic excretion, the progressive auto-sanguis-therapy, neural therapy, and dietetics.

    Experience has shown that well selected single remedies + Injeels/forte from the area of the catalysts, nosodes, and suis-organs or corresponding combinations, in particular the so-called Compositum preparations are suitable to achieve ”regressive“ vicariation. If, however, a regressive vicariation effect has occurred and the secondary or tertiary  disease (locum disease) has regressed into phase 2, then the single remedies or the customary specialties of the anti-homotoxic preparations, which contain combinations of single remedies, can be successfully applied.

    To achieve the successful application of the anti-homotoxic preparations, the following details must be noted from the above explanations:

    • The definition of the phase which the disease is in.
    • The recording of vicariation effects.
    • The excretion of homotoxins.
    • The anti-homotoxic or homoeopathic treatment of the disease arisen after vica-riation into the excretion phase.
    purple cells

    2.3 The treatment of diseases to the right of the Biological Division with anti-homo-toxic preparations

    The phases to the right of the Biological Division possess the following common properties:

    • They have gone through a longer development time, that is the diseases have assumed a chronic nature.
    • As a result of the chronicity, intracellular, structural damages have, as a rule, occurred on the organelles of the cells.
    • The structural damages are frequently due to blockades of physiological meta-bolical process chains (enzyme blockades).
    • The matrix is severely altered in its functionality through deposits of metabolites (= homotoxins) and through the frequently accompanying acidosis.
    • The alteration of the matrix impacts on the immunological reactions within the matrix (immunotoxically and paradoxically proceeding reactions).
    • The proper supply of neighbouring parenchyma cells with the nutrients trans-ported via the blood capillaries is severely altered or limited (disorder of the transportation function of the matrix).

    Together with the alteration of the matrix and the physiological reaction of the matrix the removal of contaminants and metabolites is impeded, resulting in the retoxifying action of these waste products (homotoxins) on the parenchyma cells to be supplied.

    Based on the above listed alterations particularly in the matrix, the general anti-homotoxic strategy aims to repair these damages for diseases to the right of the Biological Division by:

    • Reduction of further contaminant supply e.g., by changing the diet.
    • Unblocking of enzyme systems particularly in the metabolically active organs such as the liver and kidneys as well as the intestinal tract and the lungs with the aid of the catalyst preparations.
    • Elimination of the tissue acidosis, e.g., through an alkalic diet.
    • Drainage of the matrix via the diverse detoxification techniques such as lymph drainage, physical therapy (sauna), administration of corresponding homoeo-pathic preparations (e.g., Lymphomyosot).
    • Therapeutic restitution of damaged intracellular structures via suitable anti- homotoxic preparations (e.g., suis-organ preparations).

    For the drainage of the matrix it is recommended to administer nosodes in addition to lymphatic remedies because the nosode as an isotherapeutic remedy causes a highly specified stimulus for the alteration of the toxic situation. Nosodes are, as is known, therapeutic remedies of the terrain and possess the ability to ”remind“ the body specifically of the ”similar“ or comparable general toxic situation of the diseases wich they represent.

    In addition it may be required for the treatment of a retoxifying action caused by frequent intake of strongly effective allopathic medications to offer the corresponding homoeopathically adjusted allopathic medication to the sick organism. By homoeopathically adjusting the allopathic medication, generally in the D6 potency and higher, a reversal of the toxic action of this medication is induced. The Arndt-Schulz law and/or the effect of hormesis provide a logical scientific explanation for this retroactive effect.

    The unblocking of enzymes or metabolic chains is effectively achieved by the administration of anti-homotoxic catalyst preparations such as Coenzyme compositum in alternation with Ubichinon compositum. Both preparations contain a significant combination of vitamins and co-enzymes as well as intermediary products of metabolic cycles providing energy in the homoeopathic dilution from D6. According to Schmid1) these preparations act on the molecular level on the mitochondria and assist the organism to regulate the intracellular, energy-supplying processes once again. The potencies between D6 and D10 are substitutive and can reactivate metabolic dysfunctions in energy- supplying cycles by substitution.

    Because every severe disease, which no longer possesses any self-healing tendencies, is coupled to dysfunction on the level of energy-supplying processes, a concomitant,  possibly intermittent administration of these preparations is indicated in all cases, as frequently confirmed successfully both in human medicine and in veterinary medicine.

    The two catalyst preparations ( Coenzyme compositum and Ubichinon compositum) can  be significantly supplemented by the administration of a trace element compound such as Molybdän compositum. In this compound, important trace elements such as molybdenum, zinc, iron, cobalt, cerium, manganese, copper, nickel, and rubidium are combined with sulphur and phosphorus which both possess a strongly stimulative effect particularly on mucous membranes and tissue cells and which belong to the so-called reaction remedies in homoeopathy. The above-mentioned trace elements are present as salts in lower potencies between D3 and D8. In these ranges, these trace elements no longer have toxic effects, but have a purely stimulative and/or a substitutive effect. These elements catalyze several enzyme-dependent reactions. As is well known, particularly molybdenum, copper, nickel, zinc, manganese, and cobalt are elements which are essential for certain enzyme complexes, that is, these enzyme complexes cannot function without them.

    It can be said in summary that the Compositum preparations containing catalysts, minerals, and trace elements are indicated for all chronic diseases connected with energy deficits such as chronic fatigue syndrome or for diseases caused by old age.

    2.2   The treatment of diseases to the left of the Biological Division with anti-homo-toxic preparations

    The treatment of diseases of phases 1 to 3 can be conducted with relatively nonspecific homoeopathic substances. Nonspecific signifies in this case that the point of attack of the preparation does not concentrate on a specific, e.g., degenerately damaged organ, but that it exercises an effect upon the whole organism particularly via the blood and lymph system.

    Practice has shown thereby that such diseases of the humoral phase, and particularly of the deposition phase (phase 3) are very effectively treated with the progressive auto- sanguis therapy, that is, an autologous blood nosode combined with specialties and/or reaction remedies which do not belong to the Compositum preparations. Typical representatives of these preparations are, for example, nonspecifically stimulating preparations for all infectious diseases such as Gripp-Heel, Engystol or Traumeel S. The effect of these preparations is effectively amplified by the progressive auto-sanguis treatment because an additional immunological stimulus is exercised on the matrix by this autologous blood nosode.

    The Injeels of the single homoeopathic substances also belong in the treatment of diseases of the humoral phase because the advantage of the combination of low and high potencies is that they possess a quite conservative therapeutic efficacy usually progressing without initial aggravation.

    It can be presupposed for all diseases of the humoral phase that the intracellular  structures are still intact and that enzyme blockades or cellular structure defects have not yet occurred. For this reason, the organism can be stimulated directly by the  homoeopathic simile in terms of an antidote and this effect may possibly be amplified by the analogous blood nosode as well. The homoeopathic drug picture is defined, as is well known, based on the healthy test person who does not have a cellular illness.

    In the third phase, the deposition phase, the homotoxin is simply encapsulated and taken out of circulation, so to speak. This phase always occurs when the homotoxins can no longer be degraded by the body in the reaction phase.

    During the deposition phase the condensed homotoxins are deposited without causing structural alterations of the matrix and/or functional impairments to it. As long as the physiological filtering and protection functions can be performed by the matrix, the regular supply of the surrounding parenchyma cells and tissue is guaranteed. The situation only changes dramatically when the Biological Division is crossed, when the endogenic structure of the matrix is so burdened by more and more condensed, deposited homotoxins that it can no longer perform its filtering and protection functions. In such a case the homotoxins enter the tissue cells where they cause cellular, structural alterations in cell organelles such as mitochondria or nuclei.

    2.4 The course of therapy

    By introducing the vicariation principle into anti-homotoxic therapy Reckeweg pointed out the dynamics of every disease and/or recovery process. The interrelations which exist between a bio-system and the damaging homotoxins vary continuously during an illness and during the recovery process. The purposeful, self-regulatory forces of the organism usually are retained during illnesses up to and including the 3rd phase of the Six-Phase Table of Homotoxicology. In contrast, after the Biological Division is crossed, from phase 4 onward, self-regulation and self-recovery is practically no longer possible for the organism. In this case, a therapeutic-medicinal treatment is required to achieve recovery.

    Following regressive vicariation, a disease often enters either phase 2 or 3. This usually requires the change of the anti-homotoxic preparation because in phase 2 the symptomatically indicated acute remedy is usually necessary. In phases 2 and 3, which belong to the humoral phases, the self-regulatory capacity of the organism is still present, so that only stimulative medication is required to initiate inflammatory mechanisms, particularly in the matrix. Usually the excretion of the disease occurs via the skin or the mucous membranes. Increased perspiration, sputum, strong formation of urine, light diarrhea, and fever are welcome signs of a shift out of the cellular disease phases which indicates an improvement of the basic illness. In the acute phases 1 and 2, Compositum preparations as described previously are generally no longer required but instead, preparations such as Traumeel or certain Homaccords or single-remedy Injeels are preferable.

    2.5 The modes of application of anti-homotoxic preparations

    Anti-homotoxic preparations can be applied orally, parenterally, or locally/externally. Particularly for easily located complaints, a combination of oral with local measures, e.g., for the treatment of injuries or rheumatic diseases, is recommended. In addition, a segmental, parenteral treatment of certain areas of the body via subcutaneous or intracutaneous infiltration is a frequently practiced procedure for the treatment of painful diseases of the locomotor system. The most wide-spread mode of application is – as generally also for homoeopathic preparations – the systematic oral application via tablets or drops and/or the application of suppositories for children.

    If desired, ampoules can be administered orally instead of parenterally. This application is particularly recommended when alcoholic drops should not be used for small children or alcoholic patients.

    The application of injections is polymorphic; it includes the intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, and intracutaneous application, and also the segmental, the periarticular as well as – in certain cases – the intra-articular application. The parenteral application is advisable as a periarticular or subcutaneous injection especially for joint complaints and easily located pains. Through infiltration of anti-homotoxic preparations in combination  with neurotherapeutical substances such as Procaine or Xylocaine freedom of complaint can be achieved quickly and without complications. Finally, the application in acupuncture or trigger points is an effective mode of application for anti-homotoxic preparations (Homoeosiniatrical Application). 2, 3, 4)

    2.6  References

    • Schmid, F. Anti-homotoxische Medizin, Band I: Grundlagen, Klinik, Praxis; Aurelia- Verlag, Baden-Baden, 1. Aufl., 1996.
    • Skribot, E.W. Anwendung von Homöopathika in die homöosiniatrischen Aku- punkturpunkte; Biologische Medizin, Band 9, Heft 2, 1980; 51-63.
    • Ebert, H. Homöosiniatrie, Haug-Verlag, Heidelberg, 1992.
    • De la Fuye, R., Schmidt, H. Die moderne Akupunktur; Hippokrates-Verlag, Stuttgart, 1952.

  • Homotoxicology

    Classical homeopathy according to Hahnemann (1811) orients itself based on the so-called ‘drug picture’ to determine the appropriate remedy. It claims that symptoms of disease behave reciprocally towards those symptoms which the healthy test person develops after  the intake of a mother tincture or a diluted substance (potency.) The principle of action which can be derived thereof is known as the Simile Principle (Similia similibus curentur = Likes may be cured by likes.) The clinical syndrome occurring in a patient can be overcome by an artificially induced, similar disease. The Aequalia Principle (Isopathy = the condition may be healed by the causative substance) can also be applied with potentised allopathic substances or partly with nosode preparations in anti-homotoxic medicine and/or with vaccines in conventional medicine.

    Classical homoeopathy works with single remedies which are only partly truly single- constituent remedies, (e.g., sulphur, mercury, arsenic, etc.), or which are otherwise botanical extractions containing a highly complex mixture of numerous constituents. Repertories (lists of symptoms produced by drugs) facilitate the selection of the most appropriate remedy in homoeopathy.

    Anti-homotoxic medicine usually pursues an indication-oriented approach. The anti- homotoxic remedies predominantly represent mixtures of substances of low to middle potencies. Through practical application in homoeopathy it became obvious that the use of concentrated or poisonous tinctures could damage the patient and that, therefore, they could only be used in homoeopathic dilutions, i.e., potencies. This practice was scientifically supported by Rudolf Arndt (psychiatrist, 1835-1900) and Hugo Schulz (pharmacologist, 1853- 1932) through a quantitative differentiation of the medicinal effect on bio-systems and still applies as the Arndt-Schulz Principle. It states:

    • weak stimuli stimulate the life functions (retro-action of homoeopathic preparations)
    • moderately strong stimuli accelerate them
    • strong stimuli act as inhibitors
    • the strongest stimuli suspend the life functions

    Since several tissue-incompatible substances are usually involved during the development of a disease, the simultaneous use of several potentised ”antitoxins“, as present in the anti- homotoxic preparations, is justified.

    Against the background of the conflicting medicinal and therapeutic concepts promulgated in humoral pathology, cellular pathology, molecular pathology, and related fields including modern cybernetics, the German physician Dr. Hans-Heinrich Reckeweg formulated Homotoxicology in 1952. This conception was developed from homoeopathy for the purpose of providing a holistic perspective on the synthesis of medical science.

    Reckeweg formulated an essential tenet of Homotoxicology, as follows:

    ”According to Homotoxicology all of those processes, syndromes, and manifestations, which we designate as diseases, are the expression thereof that the body is combating poisons and that it wants to neutralize and excrete these poisons. The body either wins or loses the fight thereby. Those processes, which we designate as diseases, are always biological, that is natural teleological processes, which serve poison defence and detoxification.“

    Referring to conventional medical indications connects anti-homotoxic medicine with allopathy, while therapy with potentised substances unites it to homoeopathy. Anti-homotoxic medicine is the connecting link between allopathic medicine and homoeopathy.

    Fig. 1

    Conventional medicine:

    The higher the concentration, the stronger the effect (dose-effect relation; increase of side effects).

    Homoeopathy:

    Increase of the effect with decreasing concentration (effect optimum not definable). Anti-homotoxic medicine:

    Connecting link between conventional medicine and homoeopathy.

    1. Fundamental principles of Homotoxicology

    1.1.1 Homotoxins

    Homotoxins are all of those substances (chemical/ biochemical) and non-material influences (physical, psychical), which can cause ill health in humans. Their appearance results in regulation disorders in the organism. Every illness is due therefore to the effects of homotoxins. Homotoxins can be introduced from the exterior (exogenic homotoxins) or originate in the body itself (endogenic homotoxins).

    1.1.2 Homotoxons

    These are understood as chemical reaction products from compounds of homotoxins with each other or with other substances (e.g., products of metabolism) which neutralize the poisonous property of the homotoxins. The best example thereof is the liver, in whose cells homotoxins and metabolic products are united to detoxify the organism.

    1.1.3 Retoxins

    Deposits of homotoxins with endogenic substances, which cannot be eliminated via excretion or irritation, are designated as ”residual poisons“ (retoxins). The most important example thereof is the non-enzymatic glucosilisation of tissues and cell surfaces in case of glucose excess, as with, among others, latent diabetes mellitus.

    1.1.4 Homotoxicosis – The Concept of Disease in Homotoxicology

    Homotoxicosis is a non-physiological condition which arises after reaction of a homotoxin on cells and tissues. A homotoxicosis occurs as a humoral or cellular appearance and can be followed by morphological changes on tissues. The homotoxicosis is named after the homotoxin which triggers it. The homotoxicosis leads to defensive measures of the organism whose goal is to eliminate the homotoxins and to restore the physiological conditions when possible.

    1.1.5 The Ground Regulation

    This refers to the local regulation possibilities of the ground system along with its superimposed nervous, hormonal, and humoral regulation systems. The ground system is composed of the ground substance plus cellular, humoral, and nervous components. The ground substance (extracellular matrix) is formed of highly polymerised sugars  (proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans) plus structural and meshing glycoproteins.

    1.1.6 The Phase theory

    The Six-Phase-Table illustrates the chronological courses of various symptoms of a disease within the framework of the ground regulation. The single phases are transient into each  other and demonstrate typical phasal indicating signs. The Six- Phase-Table is subdivided into three sections (humoral phases, matrix phases, cellular phases), each of which is subdivided into 2 phases. Two phases are allocated to the excretion principle (phases 1 + 2), the deposition principle (phases 3 + 4), and the degeneration and/or deterioration principle (phases 5 + 6). The Biological Division runs within the matrix phases.

    Fig. 2: The Six-Phase-Table

    1. The humoral phases

    In the humoral phases the intracellular systems are not disturbed. The defence system is intact and can excrete the homotoxins via various paths.

    1. Excretion This phase contains manifestations of increased physiolo- phase gical excretion mechanisms.
    • Reaction Illnesses of this phase are marked by an exudative inflam- phase mation, which enables an accelerated excretion of toxins

    from the body.

    B) The matrix phases

    In these phases the homotoxins are deposited at first in the mesh of the extracellular matrix. During the further course its structural components as well as functions are al-tered. In case of continuing illness increasing stress and damage of the intracellular structures result.

    • Deposition In this phase the excretion mechanisms of the body are phase overworked and toxins are deposited in the matrix.

    This phase often progresses with few symptoms.

    • Impregnation Diseases in this phase are characterized by the presence phase         of toxins which become a part of the connective tissue

    and the matrix, along with changes in the structural com- ponents as well as their functions. The typically increasingly severe symptoms and signs of this phase demonstrate damage of the organ cells.

    C) The cellular phases

    During the cellular phases of a disease, cell systems are increasingly destroyed. The defence system is no longer able to excrete the toxins out of the cells or out of the matrix by virtue of its own strength. Typical for these phases is the so-called regulation rigidity.

    • Degeneration During this phase, courses of disease cause serious dam- phase age, and destruction of larger cell groups of an organ

    takes place.

    • Dedifferentiation Diseases of this phase are characterized by the devel- (neoplasm)      opment of undifferentiated, non-specialized cell forms. phase Malignant diseases stand at the end of this phase.

    1.1.7 Biological Division

    The Biological Division refers to the imaginary boundary between the deposition and impregnation phases. It demarcates the pure deposition in the matrix from the integration of toxins into its structural components. Whereas a simple excretion of the toxins is possible during the deposition phase, structural and functional changes are found in the impregnation phase. Thus the spontaneous endogenic excretion of the homotoxins is impeded.

    1.1.8 Vicariation

    The term ”vicariation“ refers to the transition of the indicating signs of an illness within one phase to another organ system, or the change of the fundamental symptoms and signs into another phase, with or without a change of the organ system.

    Progressive vicariation: Progressive vicariation refers to an aggravation of the total  symptoms and signs of illness.

    Regressive vicariation: Regressive vicariation refers to an improvement of the total symptoms and signs of an illness.

    1.2   The principles of action of anti-homotoxic medicine

    The different components of the anti-homotoxic preparations activate the defence system of the body:

    Fig. 3: Functional circle of the anti-homotoxic therapy

    The immune system with its memory and regulation systems can be compared to the spiritual-mental self, the ego. The deposition phase, and more frequently the impregnation phase, is characterized by immunological processes such as chronic inflammations and auto- aggression. The humoral area (via immunoglobulins from B-lymphocytes) and the cellular area (T-cells, granulocytes, macrophages) still counterbal-ance each other in this case. A regressive vicariation is still possible in these matrix phases.

    Herein lies a great opportunity for anti-homotoxic medicine. The immunological bystander reaction represents a theory of anti-homotoxic therapy for inflammatory illnesses. It is based on low dose antigen reactions particularly of substance combinations in the range of D1 to D12, with D4 to D8 appearing to be the most favourable (Heine, 1997b). The bystander effect cannot be triggered at higher potencies, however experience shows that higher potencies as well as trace elements and intermediary catalysts are able to stimulate the ground regulation. (Functional circle of the anti-homotoxic therapy; Fig. 3; Heine, 1997a.) It is significant that, for the potency ranges D3 to D12, a considerable difference exists in the activation of specific enzyme systems compared to substances conventionally diluted in the same concentration. The dose-action relationship of potentised substances compared to diluted substances demonstrates thereby a non-linear relationship (Hoariest and Dittmann, 1997).

    Ground regulation system

    Every organism requires energy to maintain its vital functions which must be continuously provided by the metabolism. Therefore, disorders of the energy metabolism impair  the energy supply which is controlled by the endogenic regulation. The organism is an energetically open system for which suitable energy (in the form of food) must be supplied, and unsuitable energy must be evacuated. In this manner an unstable state of order can be maintained, far from a thermodynamic balance, for a longer period of time (”life-span“). All reactions of the organism proceed at relatively low temperatures in the aqueous milieu, therefore they must be accelerated, i.e., catalysed. The prerequisite for an effective catalysis is suitable substrates between and in the cells. Be-cause the extracellular space is located in front of the cells, the cells can only react as they have been informed via the extracellular space. The dynamic structure of the extracellular space and its regulation (”Ground regulation“) have therefore a decisive impact on the effectiveness of extracellular and intracellular catalysts. This depends on the structure of the ground substance (extracellular matrix and/or matrix). It forms in all cells and cell groups a molecular sieve of matrix components such as highly polymerised sugar protein complexes and sugar complexes (proteoglycans-glycosaminoglycans, PG/GAGs), structural proteins (collagen, elastin) and meshing glycoproteins (e.g., fibronectin) (see Figure 4). The PG/GAGs are electro-negatively charged and are therefore able to bind water and exchange ions as well. They are therefore the guarantors for isoiony, isoosmy, and isotony in the matrix.

    Fig. 4: Diagram of the ground regulation

    Reciprocal relationships (arrows) between capillary system (capillaries, lymph vessels), ground substance, terminal autonomic axons, connective tissue cells (mast cells, defence cells, fibroblasts etc.) and parenchyma cells. Epithelial and endothelial cell groups rest on a basal membrane which mediates to the ground substance. Every cell surface carries a glycoprotein and glycolipid film connected to the ground substance (dotted line), to which the histocompatibility complexes (MHC) also belong. The ground substance is connected to the endocrine system via the capillary system and via the axons to the central nervous system. The fibroblast is the metabolically active centre. (Heine 1997b)8)

    The connection to the central nervous system is conducted via the autonomic nerve fibres blindly ending in the matrix. The connection to the system of endocrine glands (pituitary gland, thyroid gland, suprarenal gland, etc.) is conducted via the capillary system which permeates the matrix. Both systems are connected to each other in the brainstem and to superimposed centres of the brain (Fig. 4). In this manner the matrix is regulated not only on site but also under the influence of superimposed control areas. The regulation centre in the matrix is the fibroblast (corresponding to the glia cell in the central nervous system). It reacts immediately to all incoming information (hormones, neural substances, metabolites, catabolites, pH-value changes etc.) with a synthesis of matrix components suited to the situation. It does not differentiate thereby between ”good“ or ”bad“ information.  In  this manner every surplus or deficit can lead in certain circumstances to detrimental consequences for the total system depending individually on a circulus vitiosus (vicious circle).

    It is important to note that due to the sieve-like as well as connective properties of the PG/GAGs, the danger of slagging of the matrix also exists through the development of a latent tissue acidity, increase of free radicals, and the activation of the proteolytic system turning into a pro-inflammatory situation. Ultimately, damage of all humoral and cellular elements may arise progressing at first from persistent feelings of ill health to chronic diseases and malignant processes. (See 1.1.6, page 11; summary in Heine 1997a.)7)

    Immunological Bystander Reaction

    Whether administered orally, as aerosol, nasally, i.v., s.c. or i.m., the anti-homotoxic preparations are either directly confronted non-specifically with the macrophages/monocytes or the substances are offered to them by lymphocytes patrolling the mucosa epithelia after superficial contact. After phagocytosis the macrophages return an amino acid motive (9 to 15 amino acids) of the substances to its surface. There they are bound to the MHCI complex (histocompatibility antigens) (Fig. 4). Thus the motives for yet undetermined (”naive“) lymphocytes (Th0) become recognizable. They accept the motives and convert themselves thereby into regulatory Th3-cells. Afterwards they wander via the lymph vessels into the nearest lymphatic node and form _motivated“ cell clones which enter the bloodstream via the post-capillary venulae and are distributed throughout the whole organism via the circulation. In dysregulatory areas, in particular inflammatory regions, the Th3-cells are chemotactically attracted (complement factors, chemokines etc.). According to their motives they can recognize inflammatory lymphocytes (T4-cells and their subpopulations T-Helper1- and T- Helper2 lymphocytes). A similarity of the motives (the Simile Principle of anti-homotoxic medicine!) suffices thereby to stimulate Th3-cells to secrete the anti-inflammatory cytokines TGF-b (tissue growth factor-beta) and to a slight degree interleukin-4 and -10. TGF-b is the most potent anti-inflammatory cytokine in the body. It suppresses the T4- and its helper cells. The Th2-cells support thereby their own inactivation through the release of IL-4 and IL-10

    through which TGF-b is considerably strengthened in its anti-inflammatory function (Fig. 4). Simultaneously the B-lymphocytes are stimulated to synthesize immunoglobulins.

    It remains to be noted that the immunological bystander reaction can only proceed in the low dose antigen range (ca. 1 µg to maximally 1 g per day and body weight).

    [An excellent overview of the literature on the phenomenon of the low dose antigen reactions (”Bystander Suppression“) can be found in Weiner L, Meyer F. Oral tolerance: Mechanisms and Applications. Ann New York Acad Sci 1996; 778: 1-418.]

    As demonstrated by Carvalho and Vaz (Scand. Journal Immunology 1996; 6: 13-18) in  animal experiments, the injection of a tolerated antigen, e.g., endogenic fibrinogens is not immunologically neutral: A previously stimulated bystander reaction is possibly amplified thereby! The authors also explain this with the action of suppressive cyto kines from lymphocytes. These findings fit with the progressive auto-sanguis therapy according to Reckeweg.

    Because the number of antigens is not known during inflammatory processes, it is very advantageous to offer a greater number of motives, as is customary in anti-homotoxic medicine, to approach an inflammatory process immunologically from several sides. (Fig. 5). The bystander reaction can be supported thereby by the auto-sanguis therapy according to Reckeweg. Thus, anti-homotoxic medicine offers great advantages because:

    • it is not necessary to know the specific antigen in order to treat an illness of a specific organ, as similarity is sufficient (see Brandtzaeg, 1996),
    • an adequate combination of low dose antigens must exist (D1 to approximately D14) to attain a corresponding bystander reaction,
    • a circulating antigen blood level need not be provable (Weiner et al., 1994),
    • individual differences occur in the reaction to various epitopes of the regulatory lymphocytes (Friedman and Weiner, 1994; Weiner et al., 1994),
    • the bystander reaction can obviously also be triggered regardless of the method of application (oral, nasal, s.c., i.m.)

    (Al-Sabbagh et al., 1996; Carvalho and Vaz, 1996, Chen et al., 1996),

    • the bystander reaction regulates dysfunctions and does not block them,
    • a function cycle of anti-homotoxic therapy exists, which acts in a regulatory manner in the ground system.

    Fig. 5: The immunological bystander reaction as a principle of action of anti-homotoxic medicine

    A D1-D14 potency of an anti-homotoxic preparation contains sufficient substance quantities to stimulate macrophages to form antigen motives after application (top). This is the prerequisite for the formation of regulatory lymphocytes (th3) (middle row). Th3 cells find chemotactically phlogogenic lymphocytes (t4, Th1, Th2) with similar antigen motives and suppress these by releasing TGF-b (bottem). (Heine 1997)8)

    1. 1.3   References
    1. Al-Sabbagh A et al. Antigen-driven peripheral immune tolerance: suppression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and collagen-induced arthritis by aerosol administration of myelin basic protein or type II collagen. Cellular Immunology, 1996; 171: 111-9
    2. Brandtzaeg P. History of oral tolerance and mucosal immunity. In: Weiner HW, Mayer LF (Eds.): Oral Tolerance: Mechanisms and Applications. Ann New York Acad Sci 1996; 778: 1-27
    3. Carvalho CR, Vaz NN. Indirect effects are independent of the way of tolerance induction. Scand Journal Immunology 1996; 6: 613-18
    4. Friedmann A, Weiner HL. Induction of energy or active suppression following oral tolerance is determined by antigen dosage. Proc Natl. Acad Sci USA 1994; 91: 6688-92
    5. Hahnemann S. Reine Arzneimittellehre. Dresden, 1811; ders.: Kleine med. Schriften, published by D. Ernst Stapf, Dresden and Leipzig, 1829; ders.: Unterricht für Wundärzte. Leipzig, 1789; ders.: Die chronischen Krankheiten. Dresden and Leipzig, 1835; ders.: Organon der Heilkunst. Dresden and Leipzig, 1829.
    6. Harisch H, Dittmann J. Untersuchungen zur Wirkung von Ubichinon Injeel and Injeel forte mit zellfreien Systemen. Biol Med 1997; 26(3):99-104
    7. Heine H. Lehrbuch der biologischen Medizin. 2. Auflage Stuttgart: Hippokrates 1997a
    8. Heine H. Neurogene Entzündung als Basis chronischer Schmerzen. Beziehun- gen zur antihomotoxischen Therapie. Vortrag 31. Med. Woche Baden-Baden, 01.11.97b (Biol. Medizin, in Druck)
    9. Reckeweg H-H. Homotoxikologie. Ganzheitsschau einer Synthese der Medizin. Baden-Baden: Aurelia, 1976
    10. Reckeweg H-H. Materia Medica Homoeopathia Anti-homotoxica. 3rd rev. English ed. Baden-Baden: Aurelia-Verlag, 1996.
    11. Weiner L, Mayer L. Oral Tolerance: Mechanisms and Applications. Ann New York Acad Sci 1996; 78: 1-418
    12. Weiner HL et al. Oral Tolerance: Immunologic mechanisms and treatment of animal and human organ specific autoimmune diseases by oral administration of autoantigens. Ann. Rev. Immunol. 1994; 12: 809-37

  • Hair Loss Alopecia Areata Homoeopathic/Homeopathic Medicine

    Hair Loss Homeopathic Medicines

    Dr. Reckeweg Remedies for Alopecia Areata

    • Dr. Reckeweg. R89

    Guna Remedies for Alopecia Areata

    • Anti Age Cap: 3 granules morning and evening (for detoxification and drainage of the scalp)
    • Anti Age Crin: 3 granules morning and evening (for trophic stimulation of the skin and cutaneous area)
    • Anti Age Cut: 3 granules morning and evening (activates cutaneous metabolisms)

    Guna – Add on Medication

    • K2F (in females)10 drops 2-3 times a day (for endocrine dysmetabolisms)
    • K2M (in males): 10 drops 2-3 times a day (for endocrine dysmetabolisms)
    • ß-estradiiol D6: 15-20 drops twice a day (for female seborrhoic alopecia; anti-androgenic action)
    • Anti Age stress: 3 granules morning and evening (for controlling stress conditions)
    • Oligoel 19 (Zn-Cu): 30 drops twice a day

    Heel Remedies for Alopecia Areata

     Here are the recommended Homeopathic Remedies for Alopecia Areata.

    possibly the above preparations taken together 2-4-6 times daily.

    Heel Remedies – Add On

    Heel Ampoule Therapy

    (The remedies below can be used instead or with the remedies above.)

    in particular, also

    as well as

    otherwise:-

    similarly also look at:

    and

    also

    otherwise possibly

    Further Information

    For even more information on stubborn cases – please read below:-

    Alternative phases
 / treatments: –  in this case it is mainly a matter of excretion or reaction phases, but also impregnation, degeneration and deposition phases can appear or reappear as preliminary phases of a neoplasm phase.

    In all comparatively harmless ailments of later life it must be born in mind that an alternative phase could be involved, as a therapeutical inhibition of such phases, e.g. eczema, haemorrhoids, dermatomycosis, catarrh, fluor albus, suppurating fistulae, etc., sometimes leads to the appearance of a latent degeneration or de-differentiation phase,

    In addition, the biotherapeutic remedy indicated is administered, e.g.

    The alternative phases present must be treated only strictly biotherapeutically, e.g. furunculosis with Belladonna Homaccord Drops or Ampoules, Mercurius Heel S or Traumeel Drops or Tablets or Ampoules, with biologically correct nutrition and general detoxification measures;

    in addition, or alternating:

    and, in particular, also

    Intensification of the functions of the cortex of the suprarenal gland with:

  • Homeopathic Remedies for Headaches

    Guna Oral Remedies

    • GUNA-FLAM (10 drops every 15 minutes in the acute phase; continue with 10 drops 3 times a day for 30-60 days)
    • GUNA-LYMPHO (10 drops 3 times a day for 30-60 days)
    • GUNA-FEM (10 drops 3 times a day for 30-60 days)
    • GUNA-MALE (10 drops 3 times a day for 30-60 days)

    Guna Ampoules 

    Reckeweg Oral Remedies

    Heel Oral Remedies for Headaches

    For chronic headache the remedies indicated should be administered once each daily for a longer period.

    Ampoule Therapy

    Spigelon  (neural, segmental), possibly mixed with Gelsemium-Homaccord – often also indicated with

    and

    Your goal is obviously to eliminate the headaches completely long term.

  • Treating Osteoarthritis of the Knee with a Homeopathic Preparation

    Results of a Randomized, Controlled, Clinical Trial

    in Comparison to Hyaluronic Acid

    ABSTRACT

    This multicentric, randomized, singleblind, controlled study compared the efficacy and tolerance of Zeel® compositum and Hyalart brand of hyaluronic acid in the treatment of patients wich osteoarthritis of the knee. Over the five week course of the study, each patient received either 10 injections of Zeel compositum (two 2 ml intra-articular injections per week) or 5 injections of Hyalartt (one 2 ml intrarticular injection per week). Key parameters were the intensity of pain in the arthritic joint during active movement, and the glnbal assessment nf tolerance, both as reported by the patient. Out of a total of 121 patients, the data on 114 (2 treatment groups of 57 patients each) were suitable for stacistical analysis. Zeel® compositum and Hyalarr® proved to be equally efficacious in treating patients wich either milder or more severe pain. Undesirable incidents occurred in 6 patients receiving Zeel® compositum and in 13 of those receiving Hyalart®.In both treatment groups, the most fre- quencly reported side effects were signs of local inflammation or irritation after the intra-articular injections.

    INTRODUCTION

    Osreoarthritis of the knee is a painful, degenerative joint disease that occurs in approximately 10% of all individuals over the age of 65 and in approximately 2% of the total adult population. At present there is no effective means of treating the cause. Depending on the stage of the illness, however, good therapeutic results can be achieved with non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, corticosteroids, hyaluronic acid, homeopathic remedies, and organ lysates. Age-related cartilage degeneration is a crucial Factor in the development of arthritis, since all bradytrophic tissues due in large part ro the fact that they are poorly supplied with blood vessels are subject to regressive aging processes with increasing loss of elasticity. Because of the chronic and generally progressive nature of the disease,the best possible ratio of therapeutic efficacy to risk of undesirable side effects is a prime consideration in the selection of pharmaceutical cherapy.

    The goal of this multicenter, randomized, controlled, singleblind, clinical equivalence study was to prove the therapeutic efficacy of Zeel® compositum in treating knee arthritis. According to the symptom pictures of its individual ingre- dients (Rhus toxicodendron, Arnica montana, Solanum dulcamara, Sanguinaria canadensis, and Sulphur), Zeel® compositum, a combinacion homeopathic preparation, is appropriate for effectively alleviating arthricic symptonms with little risk. Hyalart® brand of hyaluronic acid (a polysaccharide and a natural component of synovial fluid) was selected as the comparative drug. Controlled studies have demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of Hyalart in treating arthritis. Because Hyalart®is visibly more viscous than Zeel compositum and because the manufacturer recommends less frequent applications than are recommended for Zeel® compositum, it was not possible to conduct this trial on a strict double-blind basis, so it was conducted as a single-blind study. Additional injections of a placebo to equalize application frequencies berween the two drugs were rejected as unethical.

    Editor’s note: The formula of the complex bomeopathic preparation featured in this study, Zeel® compositum, is not avail- able in the U.S. In the U.S. Zeel is distributed ointment, tablets, and oral vials, all of which contain the same ingredients of Zeel® compositum,plus others.

    METHODOLOGY

    Between July 1994 and February 1995,12 orthopedic physicians in active practice in Germany and Austria accepted a total of 121 patients of boch sexes with primary osteoarthritis of the knee into this clinical trial.

    Criteria for inclusion were:

    presence of primary (idiopathic) arthritis, verified by:

    a typical X-ray (medial narrowing of the joint cavity, peripheral osteo- phyte development, compact ossifi- cation of subchondral bone)

    chronic pain in one or both knee joints for at least three months, with no sign of acure inflammation

    Written statement of patient consent. Criteria for exclusion were:

    • age <35 or>85 years
    • arthritis resulting from prior deforma- tions, injuries, or metabolic causes (secondary arthritis)
    • other ailments with symptoms similar to arthricis of the knece, such as archri- tis of the hip, varicosis, bone and muscle disorders, rheumatoid archritis
    • signs of acute inflammation (acure active arthritis)
    • non-ambulatory or bedridden patients ·patients who stated their intention to change their level of physical activity during the study
    • probable surgical treatment of the arthritic joint in the near furure
    • intra-articular corticosteroid treatment of the arthricic joint within the past 2 months
    • low-grade pain (<75 mm on the 100 mm visual analog scale)
    • a history of allergic reactions to Zeel® compositum or Hyalart®
    • serious liver or kidlney disease
    • long-term treatment wih immuno- suppressives during the last month
    • ongoing concomitant therapy with analgesics/anti-inflammatories

    Random assignment to one of the two

    treatment groups was accomplished with the help of a special EDP program (Rancode,IDV), which also sorted the patients into subgroups on the basis of pain intensity during active movement of the arthritic joint. Less severe pain was defined as 25-60 mm on the VAS-SB, severe pain as 61-100 mm. Treatment proceeded according to the manufactur- ers’ recommendations. Over the five- week course f the study, each patient received eicher 10 injections of Zeele compositum (two 2 ml intra-articular injections per week) or 5 injections of Hyalart® (one 2 ml intra-articular injection per week). To ensure that the parients did not know which medication they were receiving,the physicians were requested to prepare and administer the injections in such a way that the patients could not see the packaging and to make sure that participants in the study were not in the same room at the same time.

    Primary parameters were:

    • subjective experience of pain in the arthritic knee joint during active movement, measured on a standard- ized visual analog scale(VAS) 100 mm in length (0 mm =pain-free,100 mm =worst pain to date)
    • the patients’ final assessment of toler- ance ar the end of five weeks of treat- ment,measured on the 100 mm VAS (0 =extremely poorly tolerated, 100=extremely well tolerated)

    Secondary parameters were:

    • pain in the arthritic knee joint during the night,measured on the 100 mm VAS (0 mm = pain-free,100 mm= worst pain to dare)
    • duration of moming stiffness (in minutes)
    • maximum distancc the patient was capable of wallcing (as a functional criterion for assessing the severity of the arthritis)
    • time required (in seconds) to walk up and down a standard series (one flight) of stairs (relative change)
    • final assessment of efficacy by physician and patienc ac the end of five weeks of rreatment,measured on the 100 mm VAS (0 mm = no improvement,100 mm =extreme improvement)
    • final assessment of tolerance by physician and patient ar the end of five weeks of treatment,measured on che 100 mm VAS (0 mm = cxtremely poorly tolerated,100=extremely well tolerated)
    • drop-out rate in both groups resulting from inadequate product efficacy
    • reporting of undesired side effects dur- ing treatment(recorded weekly)

    All of the compiled data were recorded on standardized questionnaires. The study was conducted in accordance witl the European Union’s Good Clinical Practice guidelines and German and Austrian national laws.

    Data Preparation and Statistical Analysis

    A two-tailed Wilcoxon’s rank-sum test (=0.05 and =0.20) was used to analyze the differences between the treatment groups with regard to efficacy and tolerance. In calculating required sample size, the efficacy or tolerance of the two forms of treatment was assumed to be therapeutically equivalent if the absolute dif- ference in therapeutic efficacy (defined as reduction in pain during active move- ment after five weeks of treatment, as measured on the VAS) or tolerance (defined as final assessment after five weeks of treatment, as measured on the VAS) between Zeel® compositum and Hyalart® was no greater than 33%. Minimum group size was calculated ar nl=n2=51, without including dropouts amounting to approximarely 10%. Comparabilicy of treatment groups with regard to baseline characteristics was cested by means of either the Wilcoxon test (pain during active movement or during the night when the study began) or the chi-square test.(number of affected knee joints); the difference in frequency of side effects was tesred by means of the chi-square tesr. Taking into account the patierics’ subjective experierce of pain intensity during active movcinent when the study began (as per VAS-SB), therapeutic efficacy and tolerance in each trearment group were compared by means of either covariance analysis or the Wilcoxon test (patiencs with more or less severe pain were assigned to subgroups). A descriptive statistical analysis of baseline characteristics and all secondary parameters was performed wich a chosen level of significance of =0.05.

    Results

    In accordance wich the intent-to-treat principle, all available analyzable dara on 114 parients, including dropouts and protocol violators, were used in analyzing efficacy and tolerance. Of a total of 121 randomly selected patients, three did not meer the minimum pain requirement (at least 25 mm on the VAS-SB). Four patients who had been mistakenly treated with both products (in different knees)were studied only with respect to undesired incidents and excluded from the analysis of efficacy, resulting in 114 assessable patients (Table 1). The two treacment groups (n=57) were comparable both with regard to all baseline characteristics (age, gender, height and weight, concomitant illnesses and medications) and with regard to anamnestic data on the artchricis (duration of illness, intensity of pain,and morning stiffness ar the inception of the study, Table 2). In accordance with the exclusion criteria, concomitant use of analgesics and antinflammatories was prohibited. Protocol violations on this count occurred in one patient receiving Zeel® compositum and in three receiving Hyalart®. Other protocol violations were premature termina- tion of therapy for non-medical reasons (one patient), failure to adhere to trear- ment schedule (one parient),and prema- ture termination of therapy because of inadequate improvement (two patients receiving Zeel® compositum and one receiving Hyalart®).

    a) Therapeutic Efficacy

    The patients’ arthritic symptoms clearly decreased both under treatment with Zeel® compositum and under treatment with Hyalart.® In boch treatment groups there was a roughly linear decrease in pain due to active movement of the arthricic joint.This decrease aver- aged 36 mm for Zeel® compositum (from 67 mm to 31 mm) and 37 mm for Hyalart®(from 63 mm to 26 mm).The reduction in nocturnal joint pain fol- lowed a similar pattern, with a linear decrease during treatment (from 33 mm ro 9 mra for Zeel® compositum and from 35″mm to 7 mm for Hyalart). Duration of morning stiffness in the arthricic joint was reduced from 5 min- utes to 2 minutes for Zeel® compositum and to 1 minute for Hyalare®(Table 3). According to analysis of the difference in therapeutic efficacy berween Zeel® compositum and Hyalart® by means of a two-tailed Wilcoxon’s rank-sum test, these two forms of treatment can be seen as therapeutically equivalent (pain during movement: p = 0.4298; pain during the night:p=0.3077;duration of morning stiffness:p=0.9211).An increase in functional ability was associated with pain reduction during treatment.After five weeks of treatment, the percentage of patients who were able to walk more than 1 km increased from 55% to 67% for Zeel® compositum and from 68% to 79% for Hyalart®. In 3 out of 5 pacients in the Zeel® compositum group and 1 out of 3 patients in the Hyalart® group, symptoms improved so much that they were able to do without the cane they had needed when treatment began.The time needed to climb one flight of stairs also decreased by an average of 18% for patients treated with Zeel compositum and by an average of 9% for those treated with Hyalart®.

    Table 1
    Table 2
    Table 3

    The results of the final assessment confirmed the comparable therapeutic efficacy of the two products (Table 4). Noticeable improvement in symptoms was reported for 87.3% of the patients treated with Zeel® compositum and 93.0% of those treared wich Hyalart®.In boch treatment groups, The patients’ subjective assessment was slighdy more favorable than that of the physicians who treated them. VAS values assigned by patients were 2 mm greater for Zeel® compositum and 4 mm greater for Hyalart® than the values assigned by the physicians.In both treatment groups, co-variance analysis reveals that the suc- cess of treatment depends significanly on pain intensity at the inception of the study (p =0.0060).When initial pain was considered as a co-variable, no significant difference between Zeel® compositum and Hyalart which regard to therapeutic success could be derermined (p =0.7555). This means that the effica- cy of Zeel® compositum must be seen as equivalent to that of Hyalart® boch in patients witch less severe pain (25 to 60 mm as per VAS) and in cases of more severe pain (61 to 100 mm as per VAS). The fundamental character of the results is not changed if, instead of conducting che assessment according to the intent- to-treat principle, the analysis comprises only the data on the 103 patients who completed the study according to plan.

    Table 4

    b) Tolerance

    In terms of tolerance, the trend favored Zeel® compositum.A total of 6 patients(11%)treated wich Zeel° compositum and 13 patients (23%) treated with Hyalart® developed undesirable side effects (chi-square test: p=0.079). While receiving twice-weekly injections of Zeel® compositum 3 patients developed low-grade joint effusions that had tapped. Renewed applications of Zeel® compositum induced new effu- sions in 2 of these 3 patients, and as a result treatment was prematurely termi- nated(after 9 injections) in one case. The two other patients completed the study according to plan in spite of intermittent joint effusions. One patient reported a temporary sensation of heaviness in the leg after the first injection of Zeel® composicum Another Zeel® compositum patient terminated treatment prematurely after two weeks because of headaches and insomnia. Two patients from the Zeel® compositum group and 9 from the Hyalart group complained of increased pain in the knee joint after the intra-articular injections; the pain lasted from 3 to 7 days. One patient from the Hyalart® group had to terminate therapy after the first injection because of an allergic reaction (pain, swelling and redness from the knee to the mid thigh). In contrast to Zeel® compositum, no joint effusions were observed in the Hyalart group, but one patient complained of a hot burning sensation in the knee joint that appeared 24 hours after cach of the first two Hyalart®injections and Iasted approximately 24 hours. Another Hyalart® patient reported a mild sensation of pressure and fullness in the joint for about 15 minutes after the third injection. In one patient, nausea and repeated vertigo were experienced after intra-articular applications of Hyalart®. The physicians of two additional patients from the Hyalart® group reported that side effects had appeared but they failed to specify further. In all of these cases, the side effects subsided without medication during the course of the study.

    The final assessment of tolerance (as per VAS) upon conclusion of treatment indicated very good tolerance of both ested products wichout significant differences berween the two treatment groups. According to the Wilcoxon tesc: patients’ assessment of tolerance p=0.1213; physicians’ assessment p=0.7287; in the great majority of cases, the physicians’ assessments coincided with those of their patients. (The difference between physician and pacient assessments was 2mm for both treatment groups; Table 4).

    Discussion

    Many studies restrict themselves to statistically substantiating improvement over the course of therapy in comparison to the starting point (pre-post comparison). However, since symptom patterns do not remain constant over the course of an illness, patients generally tend to see a physician only when the pain has already increased. As a result, there is a high degree of probability that the pain will revert spontaneously to its previous level. This is also known as ‘regression to the mean.” Thus analyses based on pre-post comparisons are not always reliable because, taken by themselves, they cannot separate spontaneous improvement from stricly therapeutic effects. A different route was chosen in the context of this present study, namely comparison of improvement in the two treatment groups at the end of a predefined course of therapy (post-post comparison). The definition of therapeutic equivalence that was used here was not purely statistical but primarily clinical, namely a certain range within which the improvement in one group would be considered equivalent to that in the other. In this study, equivalence was assumed if the maximum difference in decrease in pain between the two groups was no more than 33% (pain at inception of study= 100%). In fact, this investigation showed the difference to be only five percentage points (59% for Hyalart vs. 54% for Zeel® compositum),meaning thac wich regard to therapeutic efficacy, Zeel”compositum and Hyalart” are equivalent. There is a linear correlation between improvemenc in pain and duration of treatment. The criterion ‘pain during movement’ yields a coefficient of r=- 0.80 while the criterion ‘pain during the night’ yields a coefficient of=-0.69. A similarly linear relationship was also found in a recently compleced prospective study in which 446 patients wich knee arthritis were treated with Zeel® compositum.

    In addition, it is especially interesting to note that the therapeutic efficacy of Zeel® compositum was found to be equivalent to that of Hyalart® not only in the subgroup wich less severe pain but also in the group which more severe pain. Analysis of the assessments of functional capacity(climbing stairs, distance patients were able to walk) that also contributed to improving the patients’ quality of life.

    In this trial, a trend in Favor of Zeel® compositum was noted with regard to tolerance. Although Zeel® compositum was injected twice as often as Hyalart and the probabilicy of complications was therefore greater, Zeel® compositum had only half as many undesired incidents. While one patient terminated treatment prematurely because of a suspected allergic reaction after being injected with Hyalart®, no allergic reactions of any kind appeared in the Zeele composirum group.

    The results of this clinical study and of the prospective study of Zeel® compositum confirm the favorable empirical reports of this homeopachic preparation that have accumulated over the years. A 1992 prospective study of Zeel® P (which has 10 more ingredients than Zeel® compositum) involved 1845 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. That study also documented a significant linear decrease in pain symptoms. Like Zeelr compositum, Zeel® P was also found to be therapeutically effective for mild, moderate, and severe symptoms, wich 93.1% of the patients rating the therapeutic success as positive, i.e. satisfactory to very good.

  • Treatment of Allergic Respiratory Conditions with Antihomotoxic Remedies

    A summary abstract, original by: Werner Frase, M.D.

    Reprint from Medicina Biologica, Vol. 2, April-June 2002, 52-54.

    SUMMARY

    The basis of antihomotoxic preparations in allergic respiratory conditions is to stabilize the mucous membranes, thereby normalizing their response to allergens. In general, an oral treatment combines Tartephedreel, Drosera-Homaccord and Husteel. Seven (7) drops of each in a little water 3x/day before meals is a general protocol. The use of this protocol for bronchial problems contributes a broncodilating effect by acting in a spasmolytic capacity. The frequent use of such a protocol can greatly diminish the need for conventional medicine and reduce the frequency and/or duration of the condition. You will find below a list of recommended preparations along with their respective properties and indications.

    ANTIHOMOTOXIC MEDICATION PROPERTIES & INDICATIONS


    BRONCHALIS-HEEL/BRONKEEL Bronchitis, catarrh, chronic bronchitis
    COENZYME COMP/UBICOENZYME Dysfunction of the Krebs cycle
    DROSERA-HOMACCORD Cough, bronchitis, spasm with cough
    ECHINACEA COMPOSITUM Immune stimulation, bacterial infections
    ENGYSTOL Immune modulator, viral infections
    GALIUM-HEEL Activates immune system in chronic cases
    HISTAMIN-INJEEL Modulates histamine release in allergic mechanism of the mucous membranes
    HUSTEEL Cough from varied pathology, spastic bronchitis
    IGNATIA-HOMACCORD Reduces symptoms, sedative
    MUCOSA COMPOSITUM Drainage of mucous membranes
    PSORINOHEEL/SORINOHEEL Stimulating agent
    TARTEPHEDREEL Bronchial conditions with spasm
    TRAUMEEL Localized inflammation from various etiology
    UBICHINON COMPOSITUM Enzymatic dysfunction, stimulation of oxygen metabolism
    URTICA-INJEEL Conditions of the mucous membranes, urticaria

  • Therapeutic Report BHI Allergy Remedy

    Allergic reactions and symptoms are extremely com- plex in their origins and not yet fully understood.

    Allergies can be divided into three major types:

    1. delayed reaction allergies caused by sensitized lymphocytes
    2. antigen-antibody allergies caused by a reaction between immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies and antigens and
    3. atopic or inherited allergies which are characterized by the presence of large amounts of sensitizing antibodies called IgE antibodies.

    Examples of delayed reaction allergies, also called cell-mediated hypersensitivity allergies, include contact dermatitis or skin eruptions resulting from exposure to causative agents such as drugs, chemicals and the toxins of poison oak or poison ivy.

    Antigen-antibody allergies occur when an individual has built up a high titer of antibodies following exposure to a specific antigen.Examples of antigen-antibody reactions include transfusion reactions and autoimmune disease.

    Atopic allergies affect roughly 10% of the population. The hypersensitivity involves the production of excessive amounts of IgE antibodies. Allergens which react specifically in this way include pollen,dust, foods as well as bee,wasp and hornet venoms.Reactions of this type include hay fever, asthma, urticaria (hives) and potentially fatal anaphylaxis. Contact with an allergen by a person with an atopic allergy triggers a local inflammatory reaction with accompanying tis- sue damage.

    At the metabolic crossroads of all these allergic reactions is histamine. An excess of histamine is apparently re- leased when the body comes into contact with substances to which is it sensitive.Histamine acting as a mediator of hypersensitivity triggers the inflammatory process.

    A remedy which lends itself exceptionally well to the antihomotoxic treatment of various allergies is BHI Allergy, which has been specifically formulated for the treatment of allergic reactions and symptoms.

    Focusing Ingredient:

    Histamine hydrochloride 8x:

    specific antiallergy effectiveness

    Accompanying Ingredients:

    Arnica 6x:

    inflammations, tissue traumas, neurodermatitis

    Ignatia amara 6x:

    constrictive sensation in larynx and trachea,cough,dif- ficult breathing,fluent coryza, catarrh

    Lycopodium clavatum 6x:

    throbbing headache, cough, inflammation of the eyes, violent catarrh, difficult breathing, sore throat

    Thuja occidentalis 6x:

    skin inflammations, warts,nasal catarrh, asthma, eczema

    Arctium lappa 8x:

    chronic skin inflammations

    Arsenicum album 8x:

    eczema, itching, skin inflammations

    Acidum formicum 8x:

    stimulating factor for toxin elimination

    Ledum palustre 8x:

    constrictive oppression of the chest,suffocative breathing arrest, cough, painful respiration

    Antimonium crudum 10x:

    affections of the mucous membranes, nasal and bronchial catarrh, eczema, skin eruptions with itching

    Embryo bouis 10x:

    detoxicating factor for all tissues

    Graphites 10x:

    skin disorders with eczematous eruptions, scrofulous affections

    Pix liquida 10x:

    eczemas of the hands, itching, eruptions

    Tellurium metallicum 10x:

    eczema scrofulous conditions, eruptions and pain

    Selenium 12x:

    nasal catarrh, cough with mucus and expectoration, straining in the chest, skin inflammations, blisters, itching

    Sulphur 12x:

    skin conditions, eruptions,mucous membranes of the bronchi,allergic reactions

    Psorinum nosode 15x:

    nosode for skin infections, eczemas and inflammations

    This combination of ingredients works together to mutually strengthen their effects on the histamine metabolismand allergic symptoms.

    The respiratory symptoms associated with allergies such as sneezing,cough, itching, burning watery eyes, catarrh and difficult breathing respond well to treatment with BHI Allergy. Skin inflammations due to chemical or food allergies as well as poison oak or ivy and insect bites and stings may also be treated in this way.

    The recommended dosage is one tablet taken six (6) to ten (10) times daily, or about every two hours at the onset of symptoms.This dosage should then be decreased to three (3) times daily upon improvement. In cases where symptoms are severe due to reexposure to causative agents, BHI Allergy may be administered, one tablet every 8-10 minutes to relieve the immediate discomfort. Once relief is observed, the normal dosage schedule is resumed.

    This remedy combines well with other BHI remedies when,additional symptoms are present. For example:

    Hay fever, catarrh:

    BHI Sinus

    Asthma:

    BHI Asthma

    Skin inflammations:

    BHI Skin

    Healing of skin lesions:

    BHI Hair & Skin

    These accompanying remedies should be administered six (6) to eight (8) times daily, every 2-2/2 hours, alternating with BHI Allergy.

    For example:

    For asthma with difficult breathing administer BHI Asthma upon rising, BHI Allergy one hour later, BHI Asthma one hour following Allergy and so on throughout the waking day until symptoms improve. For acute asthmatic attacks administer one tablet of BHI Asthma every eight (8) minutes until symptoms improve and then return to the previous schedule.

  • Mucosal inflammation syndrome in allergic disease

    Reprint and translated from: Rosales-Estrada M. El syndrome de inflamación
    de las mucosas en la enfermedad alérgica. Revista Colombiana de Pediatría.
    2003;38(3):201-5.

    INTRODUCTION
    It is common to find allergic patients with simultaneous clinical signs or symptoms of the respiratory and/or gastrointestinal and/or genitourinary mucosal membranes. In the present study the common denominator was allergic rhinitis. Simultaneous clinical involvement, circumscribed to the aforementioned mucosal tissues (mucosae) clearly suggests common physiopathological factors in allergic disease; accordingly, alterations of one type of membrane affect the others, or alterations of two or more mucosae may be explained on the basis of a common mechanism.

    Hypothesis. Allergic disease can give rise to simultaneous clinical manifestations of the respiratory, gastrointestinal and genitourinary mucosal membranes.

    Objective. To determine whether allergic disease can give rise to simultaneous clinical manifestations of these mucosae.

    Summary. Patients who have allergies can have simultaneous respiratory, digestive and genitourinary mucosal disease. I performed a retrospective study in 30 patients; 24 children and 6 women. The children were between 5 and 9 years old, and the women were between 26 to 40 years old. All of them suffer from allergic diseases.

    Results. 100% had clinical respiratory diseases like rhinitis, asthma, arithenoids or vocal cord inflammation, tonsillectomy, and/or frequent respiratory viral infections. 100% of the patients had clinical digestive diseases such as gastro-esophageal reflux, gastroduodenitis, constipation and diarrhea. 87% of the female patients had clinical genitourinary diseases such as vulvovaginitis and urinary infections.

    The results of this study are very important because they provide information regarding the clinical behaviour of allergic diseases, which can be systemic. According to this concept, its treatment should be holistic and individual because each patient can have one or more mucosae involved. The most recent articles of medical literature refer to rhinitis and asthma only as a like process.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS
    A retrospective analysis was made of 30 deliberately selected allergic patients with clinical manifestations of allergic rhinitis that coincided with clinical manifestations of the respiratory and/or gastrointestinal and/or genitourinary mucosal membranes. These clinical manifestations were: asthma, sinusitis, otitis media, acute and recurrent viral respiratory infections, adenotonsillar hypertrophy, inflammation of the vocal cords and arytenoiditis, esophagitis, gastroesophageal reflux (GERD), gastritis, duodenitis, diarrhea, constipation, vaginitis and urinary infections.

    The study series comprised 24 children and 6 adult women. Of the pediatric patients, 10 were girls and 14 were boys. The patient age varied from 5-9 years among the children and from 26-40 years in the case of the adults. Three of the women were nulliparous. The study period was from April 30, 2002 to April 30, 2003.

    Allergic patient classification was based on an evident clinical history of rhinitis, with or without simultaneous asthma and/or total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels above normal or specific IgE positivity for a given antigen. Clinical antecedents of adenoid removal or tonsillectomy in a large proportion of cases contributed to establish the diagnosis. Thus, the sum of these clinical events undoubtedly would classify these patients as allergic subjects.

    The definition of rhinitis was based on a clinical history of abnormally increased and chronic nasal itching, marked sneezing particularly in the morning, nasal congestion and rhinorrhea of variable intensity according to the severity of the clinical process. Almost all these patients had previously used local steroids applied to the nasal mucosa, prescribed by a physician unrelated to the
    present study.

    Asthmatic patients in turn were defined as those with two or more asthmatic episodes a year on average, in the previous three years, with frequent beta-2-adrenergic and/or inhalatory steroid use.


    Esophago- and/or gastro- and/or duodenitis were diagnosed in the presence of endoscopic and histological findings corresponding to such disorders.

    Recurrent acute viral respiratory infection (ARI) was diagnosed when the patient suffered one or more infections a month.

    Clinical gastritis in turn was defined by clinical signs of acute gastritis – the latter being established by acute epigastric pain accompanied or not by vomiting and relief following antacid administration.

    Chronic cough was defined as cough persisting for more than 20 days in different episodes, with a cause not different from allergy of the upper airways.

    Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) in turn was diagnosed by gammagraphy or a history of chronic vomiting in a child, or – in the case of adults – chronic heartburn.

    Arytenoiditis and inflammation of the vocal cords was accepted when laryngoscopy confirmed inflammation of these structures.

    Mucosal inflammation index

    Chronic diarrhea was defined as two or more daily depositions, with diarrheic consistency on one or more occasions – all with colic type abdominal pain.


    Constipation was defined as an absence of bowel movement for over 48 hours, with hard stools and a large fecal bolus.

    Vulvovaginitis was described as an episode of vaginal secretion, itching or inflammation of the skin of the vulva and vaginal mucosa.

    Urinary infection in turn was considered for those patients presenting at least one episode of clinical signs and symptoms of urinary infection and positive urine culture for a microorganism known to cause such disorders (bacterial count: 100,000 CFUs or more).

    Likewise, 100% had clinical manifestations of the gastrointestinal mucosa. These manifestations may or may not correspond to allergic physiopathological processes of the membranes. Many of these patients presented clinical signs and symptoms of gastritis in the presence of acute respiratory infection (ARI); 5 of them presented gastric ulcer as established at endoscopy, coinciding with an acute episode of viral respiratory infection.


    On the other hand, 61.9% of the female patients, regardless of age, showed clinical alterations of these mucosae, manifesting as vulvovaginitis and/or urinary infection.

    CONCLUSION
    The selected allergic patients with clinical manifestations of the respiratory tract were seen to possibly present simultaneous alterations of the gastrointestinal and/or genitourinary mucosal membranes.

    DISCUSSION
    The following syndromic manifestations simultaneously affect the mucosal membranes of the respiratory and/or gastrointestinal and/or genitourinary tracts, and partially or completely confirm the different clinical manifestations of MUCOSAL INFLAMMATION SYNDROME, as described for the first time in the present article. These observations were made in allergic outpatients or allergic individuals admitted to hospital, and their detection merits attention and sensitivity on the part of the supervising physician.

    1. Girls with sinusitis and/or allergic rhinitis and/or pharyngitis, with concomitant vaginitis. Eventual ascending urinary tract infection.
    2. Nursing infant (age under 3 months) with gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) (or underlying gastroenteritis) and nasal congestion (noisy nasal breathing) – this latter symptom often being observed before manifestations of GERD become apparent.
    3. Rhinitis, sinusitis and asthma.
    4. Upper respiratory tract allergy and esophago-gastroduodenitis.
    5. Acute viral respiratory tract infection and gastritis and/or exacerbation of gastritis.
    6. Immediate recurrence of GERD (or underlying gastroenteritis), associated with acute viral respiratory infections.
    7. Sinusitis and soft stools with mucus and sometimes of a foul-smelling nature, in children under three years of age.
    8. Acute viral respiratory tract infections with soft stools, and sometimes diarrhea.
    9. Concurrence of tonsillitis with right iliac fossa pain simulating appendicitis or diffuse abdominal pain.
    10. Viral respiratory infections and so-called mesenteric adenitis (diffuse abdominal pain concomitant to viral respiratory infection).
    11. GERD (or underlying gastroenteritis) and chronic cough and/or asthma.
    12. GERD and recurrent airway infections.
    13. Geographic tongue and manifestations of upper respiratory allergy and/or gastroduodenitis.
    14. Reappearance of geographic tongue with acute viral respiratory infections.
    15. Posterior laryngitis (edema, leveling and erythema of the inter-arytenoid mucosa) and edema of Reinke (vocal cord edema),
      associated with GERD.
    16. Urinary infection and/or vulvovaginitis associated with constipation.
    17. Urinary infection and/or vulvovaginitis associated with allergic enteropathy.
    18. Endometriosis in allergic women and allergic enteropathy and/or constipation.
    19. While GERD of the nursing infant (generally under 6 months of age) reflects gastrointestinal mucosal disorders, it has been seen to exacerbate if the mother consumes dairy products, suffers inflammatory enteric disease (constipation, diarrhea), asthma crises, or acute viral respiratory infections.
      • The medical literature reports the partial concurrence of these manifestations:
        • 77% of the adult asthmatic population experience symptoms of GERD.
        • 43% of asthmatic patients subjected to digestive tract endoscopy present esophagitis or Barrett’s esophagus.
        • 20% of children with rhinitis develop asthma.
        • 50% of children with asthma develop rhinitis.
        • Marked association of sinusitis, asthma, laryngitis, pneumonia and bronchiectasia in patients with GERD (patients aged 2-18 years).
        • Clinical association of tonsillitis and right iliac fossa pain simulating acute appendicitis (involving patients needlessly subjected
        to appendectomy). The importance of focusing attention on the global involvement of the mucosal membranes in a given
        patient is that the diagnostic and management approach should be holistic and individualized.
        A lack of response to treatment on the part of pathology related to a given mucosal membrane in the context of allergic disease is seen
        on a daily basis in medical practice when necessary attention is not focused on other simultaneously affected mucosal membranes. The
        following may serve as examples:

    A lack of surgical intervention to correct important adenoid hypertrophy implies frequent respiratory infections (viral, otitis,
    sinusitis).

    1. Torpid course of asthma in patients with uncontrolled GERD (or underlying gastroenteritis).
    2. Acute respiratory infections and the presence of GERD (or underlying gastroenteritis).
    3. A lack of response in allergic patients with uncontrolled rhinitis.
    4. Persistent asthma due to undiagnosed bacterial sinusitis.
    5. Persistence of vaginal secretion and/or urinary infections in patients with constipation or allergic enteropathy.

    In order to begin to modify old paradigms, allergic disease seen from this perspective would not be exclusive to the different subspecialties, determined by the affected body organ. In effect, such conditions could be treated by all physicians, regardless of their specialty, provided thorough knowledge is gained in all spheres where allergy as a systemic disorder produces its devastating effects. Neglect in this context would be a sign of incompetence.

    STUDY

    As an example, an ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist could not treat rhinitis if the intestinal alterations are not first dealt with. Gynecologists or urologists likewise would not be able to treat a large percentage of cases of vulvovaginitis and urinary tract infections without first treating the respiratory allergies and intestinal disorders. In turn, pneumologists would not diagnose gastritis if not intentionally explored. The same considerations apply to the other medical specialties that deal with allergic processes.


    This clinical approach involving physiopathological dependency of the mucosae in allergic disease would fully reorientate the current treatment established by conventional medicine; each mucosal membrane deals with somewhat different immunological information, though with crossed immune data among different membranes. As an example, a food allergen can produce digestive tract and respiratory symptoms at the same time.


    Food allergies can coincide with allergy produced by aeroallergens in up to 70% of cases, which increases the possibility of crossreactions between foods with aeroallergens. This data implicates the intestine as an important antigen generating source – a fact that must be taken into account when treating an allergic patient, regardless of where the allergic process manifests. It is our experience that once a patient starts a correct diet, with good intestinal hygiene and environmental control, allergic processes largely disappear.


    Another mistake in medical practice is to consider these symptoms as a disease. Such manifestations are actually symptoms or signs of allergic disease, and the correct diagnosis of an allergic patient should be based on the following premises: allergic disease with manifestations of esophagitis, gastritis, rhinitis, asthma, vulvovaginitis, etc. The practice of considering an organ isolatedly from the rest of the organism fails to take into account that the mucosal membranes share immunological information, and that alterations of one membrane can affect others.


    Lastly, another aspect that deserves mention on the basis of the findings of the present study is that ascending urinary tract infection and vulvovaginitis may be related to alterations of nearby mucosal membranes – such as constipation or allergic enteropathy – or more distant mucosae, such as in the case of allergic rhinosinusitis. A number of studies already mention allergic disease as a cause of vulvovaginitis, and even establish a relation to dust mite allergy.10 In my opinion, this problem is very common, though the medical literature does not yet report the situation as such.

    It is hoped that the present study may serve as motivation for investigators to clarify the prevalence of this syndrome in allergic disease, to establish a new definition for the latter, and to explore the association between allergic pathology and other mucosal disorders such as GERD in the adult, vesicoureteral reflux, interstitial cystitis in the adult, constipation and endometriosis.

    As a general conclusion, I am of the opinion that a clinical syndrome exists in allergic disease, which from the physiopathological perspective may partially or fully implicate the respiratory, gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts, and that the medical literature has not yet recognized its relevance.

    The scientific bases explaining the physiopathology of mucosal inflammation syndrome in allergic disease are based on the new concept of modern psycho-neuro-endocrino-immunology, which we hope to develop in the following issue pending publication.


    The latest publications referring to allergies only view rhinitis and asthma as manifestations of one same process. The corroboration by other investigators of the simultaneous involvement of the mucosal membranes in the allergic patient would help confirm a new definition of allergic disease, and thus also promote a new approach to management.

  • Trio of Homeopathy

    Short Symptomatic IndexTrioRemedy 1Remedy 2Remedy 3
    All gone sensation in chestTRIO-1Digitalis Phosphorous Stannum Met
    All gone sensation in abdomenTRIO-2Phosphorous Sepia Stannum Met
    Aphasia during singing or talkingTRIO-3Argentum Nitricum Arum Triph Causticum
    Bed feels hardTRIO-4Arnica Baptisia Pyrogenium
    Bites (poisoned stage), Insects ofTRIO-5Gentiana Lutea Ledum Pal Staphisagria
    Bites Cats ofTRIO-6Hepar Sulph Ledum Pal Silicea
    Bites Dogs ofTRIO-7Chromic Acid Lachesis Lyssin
    Bites Mad dogs of (Rabies)TRIO-8Belladonna Cantharis Lyssin
    Bites Snakes ofTRIO-9Ars Album Lachesis Ledum
    Bites Spiders ofTRIO-10Cedron Lachesis Tarentula Cub
    Burning (in general)TRIO-11Ars Album Phosphorous Sulphur
    Burning in solesTRIO-12Chamomilla Medorrhinum Sulphur
    CatharticsTRIO-13Aloe Soc Croton Tig Podophyllum
    CholeraTRIO-14Camphor Cuprum Met Veratrum Alb
    Chronic rheumatismTRIO-15Causticum Rhus Tox Sulphur
    ClimactericTRIO-16Graphites Lachesis Psorinum
    Collapse stageTRIO-17Ars Album Camphor Carbo Veg
    Coma with renal failureTRIO-18Apis Mel Cantharis Merc Cor
    CondylomataTRIO-19Nitric Acid Staphisagria Thuja
    ConvulsionsTRIO-20Causticum Cicutaver Cuprum Met
    Cough, Caused by least exposure of body parts to coldTRIO-21Baryta Carb Hepar Sulph Rhus Tox
    Cough, Drinking, amelTRIO-22Causticum Coccus Cacti Spongia
    Cough, During sleepTRIO-23Chamomilla Kali Carb Lachesis
    Cough, While eatingTRIO-24Kali Bich Nux Vomica Thuja
    Cough, 3 A.M aggravationTRIO-25Antim Tart Kali Carb Sambucus
    Cough, 2 A.M aggravationTRIO-26Ars Album Kaliars Kali Carb
    Croup coughTRIO-27Aconite Nap Hepar Sulph Spongia
    Damp weather, ailments fromTRIO-28Dulcamara Natrum Sulph Nux Moschata
    Death desireTRIO-29Aurum Met Laccan Sulphur
    DeliriumTRIO-30Belladonna Hyoscyamus Stramonium
    DiarrhoeaTRIO-31Aloe Soc Gambogia Gratiola
    Diarrhoea, morningTRIO-32Aloe Soc Natrum Sulph Sulphur
    Dread of downward motionTRIO-33Borax Gelsemium Sanicula
    Drooping of eyelidsTRIO-34Causticum Gelsemium Sepia
    Dust aggravation (in general)TRIO-35Bromium Drosera Lyssinum
    FlatulenceTRIO-36Carbo Veg China Lycopodium
    Foetid urineTRIO-37Benzoic Acid Nitric Acid Sepia
    Gouty mucous dischargeTRIO-38Argentum Nit Hydrastis Kali Bichrom
    HaemorrhageTRIO-39Erigeron Millefolium Trillium
    Hands upon chest during coughingTRIO-40Arnica Bryonia Alba Drosera
    Hard tumorsTRIO-41Calc Fluor Conium Hecla Lava
    HopefulTRIO-42Merc Sol Staphisagria Tuberculinum
    Hyper-aesthesia Cruelty, hearing ofTRIO-43Calc Carb Carcinocin Causticum
    Hyper-aesthesia Drugs, fromTRIO-44Nux Vomica Pulsatilla Nig Sulphur
    Hyper-aesthesia, Fever duringTRIO-45Coffea Cruda Nux Vomica Pulsatilla Nig
    Hyper-aesthesia, Light to – TRIO-46Belladonna Nux Vomica Phosphorous
    Hyper-aesthesia, Music toTRIO-47Natrum Carb Nux Vomica Sepia
    Hyper-aesthesia, Odors toTRIO-48Colchicum Nux Vomica Sepia
    Hyper-aesthesia, Pain toTRIO-49Chamomilla Coffea Cruda Hepar Sulph
    Hyper-aesthesia, Taste toTRIO-50China Coffea Cruda Lycopodium
    Hyper-aesthesia, Touch toTRIO-51Aconite Nap Belladonna Lachesis
    Least touching causes violent excitement of sexual organsTRIO-52Murex Per Origanum Zincum Met
    Liver diseasesTRIO-53Cardus Mar Chelidonium Leptandra
    MasturbationTRIO-54Buforana Platina Staphisagria
    MeningitisTRIO-55Apis Mel Helleborous Stramonium
    Nausea, Children, inTRIO-56Chamomilla Ipecacuanha Rheum
    Nausea, Church,inTRIO-57Ars Album Kali Carb Pulsatilla
    Nausea, Closing eyes, aggravatesTRIO-58Lachesis Theridion Thuja Occ
    Nausea, Cold, after taking, aggravatesTRIO-59Dulcamara Nux Vomica Ipecacuanha
    Nausea, Cold,Becoming afterTRIO-60Cocculus Ind Hepar Sulph Kali Carb
    Nausea, Delivery duringTRIO-61Cocculus Ind Ipecacuanha Pulsatilla
    Nausea, Disordered stomach, fromTRIO-62Ipecacuanha Nux Vomica Pulsatilla
    Nausea, Drunkards,inTRIO-63Ars Album Kali Bich Lachesis
    Nausea, Eating after, amelioratesTRIO-64Ferrum Met Kali Bich Sepia
    Nausea, Fats, after eatingTRIO-65Ars Album Drosera Pulsatilla
    Nausea, Food, looking atTRIO-66Colchicum Kali Bich Sulphur
    Nausea, Food, smell ofTRIO-67Colchicum Ipecacuanha Sepia
    Nausea, Food, thought ofTRIO-68Cocculus Ind Colchicum Sepia
    Nausea, Odours fromTRIO-69Colchicum Phos Acid Sepia
    OffensivenessTRIO-70Baptisia Tinc Merc Sol Psorinum
    Offensive breatheTRIO-71Kali Phos Kreosotum Merc Sol
    PainTRIO-72Belladonna Chamomilla Coffea Cruda
    Pain, Cramping painTRIO-73Colocynthis Dioscorea Mag Phos
    Pain, Nervous painTRIO-74Belladonna Chamomilla Coffea Cruda
    Pain, Radiating pain in abdomenTRIO-75Berberis Vulg Mag Phos Plumbum Met
    Pain under scapulaTRIO-76Calcarea Carb Chelidonium Chenopodium
    Painful urinationTRIO-77Cantharis Merc Sol Sarsaparilla
    PalpitationTRIO-78Digitalis Cactus Kalmia
    Paralysis, Right sidedTRIO-79Causticum Rhus Tox Thuja
    Paralysis, Left sidedTRIO-80Lachesis Nux Vomica Rhus Tox
    Paralysis, Single parts,ofTRIO-81Ars Album Causticum Dulcamara
    Pneumonia, Children, ofTRIO-82Antim Tart Ipecacuanha Kali Carb
    Pneumonia, Drunkards, ofTRIO-83Hyoscyamus Nux Vomica Opium
    Pneumonia, First stageTRIO-84Aconite Nap Bryonia Alba Sulphur
    Pneumonia, Old peoples, ofTRIO-85Aconite Nap Ferrum Phos Merc Sol
    PoliomyelitisTRIO-86Causticum Gelsemium Plumbum Met
    Prolapsus of uterus (sensation of)TRIO-87Lilium Tig Murex Per Sepia
    Prolapsus of rectumTRIO-88Ignatia Podophyllum Ruta
    Profuse expectorationTRIO-89Hepar Sulph Pulsatilla Nig Stannum Met
    Prostration, Cares, fromTRIO-90Cocculus Ind Phos Acid Picric Acid
    Prostration, Coition, afterTRIO-91Calc Carb Sepia Staphisagria
    Prostration, Grief, afterTRIO-92Ignatia Lecithin Phos Acid
    Prostration, Mental exertion, fromTRIO-93Anacardium Orient Kali Phos Kali Sulph
    Prostration, Reading, fromTRIO-94Aurum Met Picric Acid Silicea
    Prostration, Sexual excesses, afterTRIO-95Agnuscastus Phos Acid Picric Acid
    Purulent expectorationTRIO-96Kali Carb Lycopodium Silicea
    Rattling coughTRIO-97Antim Tart Hepar Sulph Ipecacuanha
    RestlessnessTRIO-98Aconite Nap Ars Album Rhus Tox
    Reverse periostalsisTRIO-99Nux Vomica Opium Plumbum Met
    Sensitiveness of nose from inspirationTRIO-100Hepar Sulph Nux Vomica Phosphorous
    SleepinessTRIO-101Antim Tart Gelsemium Nux Moschata
    SorenessTRIO-102Arnica Eupatorium Perf Rhus Tox
    Spinal disordersTRIO-103Cocculus Ind Nux Vomica Phosphorous
    Sticky, pus dischargesTRIO-104Calc Sulph Graphites Hepar Sulph
    Stitching painTRIO-105Bryonia Alba Kali Carb Natrum Sulph
    Stool, during flatusTRIO-106Aloe Soc Oleander Phos Acid
    Stringy expectorationTRIO-107Coccus Cacti Hydrastis Kali Bich
    StuporTRIO-108Nux Moschata Opium Phosphoric Acid
    Suicidal dispositionTRIO-109Aurum Met Natrum Sulph Psorinum
    Suppuration, on slightest injuryTRIO-110Hepar Sulph Merc Sol Silicea
    Sweating solesTRIO-111Ammon Mur Nitric Acid Silicea
    Sweating soles, OffensiveTRIO-112Petroleum Plumbum Met Silicea
    Thirstless with dryness of mouthTRIO-113Bryonia Alba Nux Moschata Pulsatilla Nig
    Wandering pain, ExtremitiesTRIO-114Kali Sulph Laccan Pulsatilla Nig
    Wandering pain, JointsTRIO-115Kali Bich Laccan Pulsatilla Nig
    Warm applications, amel (in general)TRIO-116Ars Album Kali Phos Mag Phos
    WartsTRIO-117Nitric Acid Causticum Dulcamara
    Weepiness in childrenTRIO-118Chamomilla Lycopodium Pulsatilla Nig
    Weepines, NightTRIO-119Borax Lycopodium Psorinum
    Weepines, Will is not fulfilled, whenTRIO-120Cina Dulcamara Spongia
    Whooping coughTRIO-121Carbo Veg Drosera Kali Sulph